Understanding Federal Underground Storage Tank (UST) Regulations

When it comes to underground storage tanks, federal regulations don’t always match up with state-level requirements. This disconnect often creates confusion and can leave petroleum bulk storage facilities unknowingly out of compliance. At TJL Inspections, we’ve helped many clients navigate these complexities—and avoid penalties—by staying ahead of what’s required at the national level.

Spill Bucket and Containment Sump Testing

In 2015, the EPA updated its Underground Storage Tank rule (40 CFR Part 280) to include new testing protocols for spill prevention and containment systems. These updates cover equipment like spill buckets, catchment basins, and sumps used for interstitial monitoring—such as those located at the tank top, beneath dispensers, or at transition points.

Here’s the bottom line: all spill buckets and sumps must be tested at least once every three years. If you have single-walled equipment, you’ll need to test for liquid-tightness or integrity on that schedule. For double-walled spill buckets or sumps, you can either conduct integrity tests every three years or install continuous monitoring devices that must be inspected regularly—monthly for spill buckets, and annually for sumps.

The Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) has been clear: equipment that fails a test or doesn’t pass a visual inspection must be repaired or replaced. That’s why consistent testing isn’t just smart—it’s necessary. TJL Inspections can walk you through the testing process, help interpret the results, and advise you on the right corrective actions when needed.

Overfill Prevention Device Inspections

Every overfill prevention system must be inspected at least once every three years. These inspections confirm that devices are installed properly, functioning correctly, and are set to trigger at the correct level. Just like with spill buckets and sumps, inspections must follow manufacturer specifications or national standards developed by certified organizations.

Annual Testing of Release Detection Equipment

Your release detection systems—whether mechanical or electronic—must be tested every year to ensure they’re working as intended. This includes everything from tank gauge floats to sensors inside double-wall tanks and piping. These inspections must meet the criteria set by either the equipment manufacturer or an approved national testing code.

Monthly and Annual Walkthroughs

To stay compliant, regular walkthrough inspections of your facility are also required. Monthly checks should include examining spill buckets for damage, clearing any debris or liquid, and ensuring the fill ports are accessible. You’ll also want to verify that your release detection systems aren’t in alarm mode and that all logs are accurate and up to date.

Once a year, a more in-depth walkthrough is required. This includes checking containment sumps for cracks, leaks, or any signs of product release. You’ll also need to remove any accumulated debris or liquid and inspect any handheld release detection tools, such as gauge sticks or bailers, to make sure they’re still in proper working condition.

Staying in Compliance

TJL Inspections is here to help you keep your UST systems fully compliant with all federal and DEC regulations. From scheduled walkthroughs to equipment testing and issue resolution, we partner with you to build a proactive plan that keeps your operation running smoothly—and within the law. Whether you need one-time support or ongoing compliance service, we’ve got your back.